# French Croque Monsieur with Béchamel

> A croque monsieur is a French sandwich: **toast + béchamel + Gruyère + beef luncheon meat**, with **another layer of béchamel and cheese** on top that browns under the grill. That top layer is what sets it apart from any ordinary cheese sandwich.

**French Cuisine · 35 min · 4 servings · 520 kcal per serving**

The croque monsieur appeared in Paris cafés in the early twentieth century as a quick meal. The name comes from “croquer”, to crunch. Put a fried egg on top and it becomes a “croque madame” — the egg is the hat.

## Ingredients

- 8 — thick slices of white bread
- 300 g — Gruyère or Emmental, grated
- 200 g — beef or turkey luncheon meat, sliced
- 400 ml — milk
- 40 g — butter
- 40 g — flour
- 0.25 tsp — nutmeg
- 1 tsp — Dijon mustard
- 0.5 tsp — salt
- 0.25 tsp — white pepper
- 20 g — extra butter, for brushing the bread

## Method

1. **The béchamel** — Melt the butter, add the flour and whisk for **two minutes** over low heat until the raw-flour smell disappears, without letting it colour. Pour in **the cold milk** gradually, whisking constantly — cold milk into a hot roux is the rule that stops lumps.
2. **Getting the thickness right** — Keep stirring for **6–8 minutes** until the béchamel **coats the back of a spoon**. Add the nutmeg, mustard, salt and white pepper. It must be **thick** — a runny béchamel will spread across the tray and soak the bread.
3. **Toasting the bread** — Toast the slices **lightly** in the toaster or oven — just drying them, not browning them. This creates a barrier that stops the béchamel soaking into the bread, and it is the difference between a crisp base and a doughy one.
4. **Assembling** — Spread a slice of toast with a **thin layer of béchamel**, then add **cheese**, then **luncheon meat**, then **more cheese**, and cover with another slice. Press down lightly. Cheese on both sides holds the meat in place.
5. **The top layer** — Spread **the top of the sandwich** with a generous layer of béchamel and scatter **plenty of grated cheese** over it. This is the layer that browns into the golden crust — and it is what makes it a croque monsieur rather than just a sandwich.
6. **The oven** — Bake at **200°C for 10 minutes**, then switch on **the top grill for 3–4 minutes** until the top is golden and bubbling. Watch it at this stage — it goes from golden to burnt in a minute.
7. **Resting and serving** — Let it rest for **3 minutes** before cutting — the cheese needs to set a little. Cut it **diagonally** and serve it with a green salad in a sharp dressing — the acidity cuts through the richness.

## Tips

- The béchamel should be thick, not runny, so it doesn’t soak the bread.
- Toast the bread lightly first as a barrier against moisture.
- Gruyère is the original because it melts without releasing oil.
- Watch the grill — 3–4 minutes is enough.
- A sharp green salad on the side isn’t optional; the dish is very rich.

## FAQ

### What is the difference between a croque monsieur and a croque madame?
A croque madame is exactly the same with **a fried egg on top**. The naming is playful: the round egg looks like an old-fashioned lady’s hat, so the sandwich with the egg became “madame” and the one without it “monsieur”.

### What can I use instead of Gruyère?
Emmental, mature Gouda, or mozzarella mixed with a little Parmesan. Gruyère melts smoothly without releasing oil and has a nutty flavour. Avoid processed cheese — it releases a lot of oil.

### The base came out soggy — why?
Either the béchamel was runny, you didn’t toast the bread first, or the bread was too thin. Use thick bread, toast it lightly, and keep the béchamel thick enough to coat the back of a spoon.

### Can I make it in a frying pan instead of the oven?
You can for the sandwich itself, but the top layer needs heat from above. Fry the sandwich in butter on both sides, then add the top layer and cover the pan for **3 minutes** until the cheese melts — or use a kitchen blowtorch.

---

Source: https://hanakoleah.com/en/french-cuisine/french-croque-monsieur-bechamel
Edited by: Marwa Mohamed
Last updated: 2026-10-23